| Feature | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Static Doesn't intentionally change state. |
No actuators or sensors. | A lump of bronze. |
|
Kinetic Moves or changes external state. |
Has moving parts or actuators, including light and sound makers: a. Under own power; b. With external power, wind, water, pedal, ...; c. Under own control. |
Duchamp's Bicycle Wheel; Tinguely's Homage to New York. |
|
Stateful Has multiple internal states. |
Behavior changes with state. | A musical sequencer. |
|
Reactive Responds to stimuli. |
Has sensor(s) as well as actuator(s). | A doorbell. |
|
Interactive Bi-directional communication. |
Responds differently and elicits different responses. | A thermostat. |
|
Tropistic Uses feedback. |
Follows/avoids stimulus. | Grey Walter's Turtles. |
|
Adaptive Uses long term memory. |
Changes behavior over time or space. | Software products that change the order of their menu options based on usage. |
|
Innovative Performs experiments in its environment. |
Explores and displays new behaviors. Uses results to change subsequent behavior. |
Schippling's RoboCars. |
|
Cognitive Builds models in order to experiment. |
Makes new connections between states. Extrapolates results. |
??? |
|
Sapient Is self aware. |
Acts to preserve its own existence and the existence of its own. |
??? |